Leupold Rifle Scopes - From the Beginning, The Evolution of a Masterpiece

The rifle scope is obviously a great invention, and like most inventions it was born out of necessity. Most great inventions evolve from someone finding a need for something and figuring out how to make it work. The evolution of the rifle scope began when people started attaching telescopes to rifles to maximize viewing capabilities.

This idea was of course very primitive and did not provide the desired effect. The first verifiable use of a telescopic sight on a pistol dates,but attempts to create a workable rifle scope were unsuccessful until 1880 when August Fielder managed to build the first telescopic sight that really actually worked.

This was the predecessor of all modern day rifle scopes. Several years later when he met inventor John Stevens, the marvelous company named Leupold and Stevens was born and still exists today.

 The small company survived World War I and the great depression but it was the Second World War that changed the company forever. Working with the US Army and Navy, the engineers at Leupold learned the secrets of waterproofing and durable construction that would change the world of optics forever. The engineers learned that by introducing nitrogen gases within the scope that the optics would remain clear, waterproof .

The Leupold engineers design, machine, assemble and test all of their optics within this facility. Only the finest material known to man are used for production of their optics especially the lenses and they are of the highest grade quality that is demanded by Leupold engineers. In addition to rifle scopes Leupold also offers a fine line of binoculars and spotting scopes as well.

The products produced are made to last more than a lifetime and they are all backed by the famous Leupold Lifetime Warranty. They set all the standards that other optics manufacturers strive to achieve. Leupold optics are world renowned for their ruggedness, absolute waterproof integrity and their superior optical quality.

Leupold offers a vast line of rifle scopes with both fixed and variable powers and many types of reticles. They have many different lines to chose from, sure to please any rifleman. The name Leupold is one of the most trusted, respected, and known names in the outdoor and hunting arenas worldwide.

Leupold has recently issued a counterfeit warning to its customers cautioning them to be on the lookout for counterfeit Leupold scopes that are illegally being imported from China. These fake reproductions bear many of the marks of the a genuine Leupold, making them very difficult to distinguish externally from authentic Leupold products. Recently many rifle scopes have begun to arrive at the Leupold headquarters for service. 

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HVLP Spray Guns-Atomization Technologies

In essence, an HVLP gun is still an air spray gun as it uses air as its primary atomization force. Both HVLP and conventional air spray guns use the same two components of compressed air, pressure and volume but in different quantities. The pressure, which is normally noted in terms of pounds per square inch or PSI and volume, which is noted in terms of cubic feet per minute, are both necessary for either gun to work.

Originally HVLP guns where designed to use extremely high volumes of CFM that were generated by turbines rather than compressors. These turbines delivered, in some cases, hundreds of CFM but very little pressure. In order to remain competitive with the turbine HVLP guns, the manufacturers of the traditional air spray guns soon figured out how to convert their guns to HVLP using compressed air rather than turbine air. Today HVLP guns are as common as the old conventional guns.

HVLP technology proved that if you used a lot of volume of air instead of a lot of pressure like conventional guns did, you could not only atomize coatings but also do so more efficiently. The efficiency improvement was mostly related to the fact that the atomized paint particles traveled at a slower speed than paint particles that were atomized with high air pressure. We refer to this characteristic as spray particle velocity. The higher the velocity of the paint particle the lower the efficiency would be.

I like to use the analogy of a tennis ball and a cement wall. The paint particle is representative of the atomized paint particle and the wall represents the substrate being coated. The harder you throw the ball against the wall, the further the ball bounces from the wall. During air spray atomization the paint particle can travel at speeds greater than 30 feet per second or FPS. The slower the particle velocity, the less bounce back and over spray, the more efficient the technology will be.

In addition to spray particle velocity, another characteristic that affects guns that use a lot of volume of air such as HVLP is air damming. In this scenario the box is the inside of a cabinet and the blocks represent a cubic foot of air from your gun. Try to imagine these blocks of air as they exit the spray gun and enter the box. When you spray into the box you are filling it with the blocks of air. The inside area of the box can only hold 8 cubic feet or 8 blocks, but the gun you are using is putting out 20 cubic feet per minute or 20t blocks per minute.

The result is that within seconds you are putting too many blocks into the box and those extra blocks are preventing you from putting in more blocks and they are spilling out all over the place. The volume of air has to go somewhere because it usually can't pass through the item you are trying to spray. The high volume of air from the gun is preventing more air and most importantly, the coating from getting into the box. This is an example of air damming and the higher the volume of air the more damming you will get.

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Spray Gun Finishing Equipment - What Spray Gun is Best For Your Application?

Spray gun painting can be used for both manufacturing processes as well as many household projects. There are two different types of air gun spraying: the manual operation method and the automatic process. In the manual method the air gun sprayer is hand held and moved back and forth over the surface, each stroke overlapping the last to ensure a continuous coat. In the automatic process the gun head is attached to a mounting block and delivers a stream of paint from that position.

There are a few different types of spray guns to use depending on your needs:

HVLP Spray Guns: HVLP which stands for high volume low pressure are similar to a conventional spray gun using a compressor to supply the air. The spray gun itself requires low pressure (LP) and a higher volume (HV) of air is used to aerosolize and propel the paint at a lower air pressure. HVLP Spray Gun Systems are most commonly used in the automotive, marine, architectural coating, furniture finishing, and cosmetic industry.

LVLP Spray Guns: LVLP which stands for low volume low pressure uses a lower volume of air to atomize the paint at the cap. These spray guns, like HVLP systems, operate at low pressure but also have a low volume of paint coating. Unlike HVLP guns LVLP guns can be used with a smaller compressor. These spray gun systems are great for small shops, woodworkers, or smaller projects in general.

Electrostatic Spray Painting: Electrostatic painting is when an electrically charged powder is sprayed on a surface that is charged with the opposite electrical charge. The whole is then baked to properly attach paint. It's much more durable than liquid paint and it's an environmentally friendly process because there are no solvents to evaporate into the air or go down the drain. Electrostatic painting can be used on most plastics and any kind of metals. This type of painting is commonly used to paint car bodies, bicycles, elevators, and some office equipment.

Airless Spray Guns: Airless Spray Guns are connected to a high pressure pump to atomize the coating using different tip sizes to reach desired atomization and spray pattern size. Airless spray gun coatings penetrate better into pits and crevices, and have a thick wet coating which reduces the number of applications. These systems are commonly used by contract painters to paint heavy duty industrial, chemical, and marine coatings and linings.

Air Assisted Airless Spray Guns: Air Assisted Airless Spray Guns are very similar to the airless gun in that high fluid pressures force the coating through a small orifice in the spray gun cap. The gun differs from the airless spray gun in that the fluid pressures are lower. These spray guns provide high transfer rate and increase application speed and is best used with flat line applications. These spray guns are commonly found in factory finish shops.

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Gun Control - An Argument for Gun Control

Guns in the wrong hands are dangerous. Guns should only be in the right hands. Which hands are the right hands? That is the question. Now for the answer... The right hands are the citizens' hands. When the citizens have guns, there is freedom. When the government has a monopoly on guns, there is tyranny. We need to take away all guns from all government employees and especially the most dangerous government employees, the police. There are many studies and statistics that support the basic fact that police are far more dangerous than terrorists. Conservatively stated, you are at least 8 times more likely to be killed by a police officer than by a terrorist.

I would urge that all police should be disarmed and deprived of their body armor. Police can be issued whistles that they can blow to try to get honorable citizen passersby to help them if they are in danger. Armed citizens can protect our police far better than police can protect us. A good illustration to support this contention recently happened in Texas and was reported by KHOU 11 News in Houston on January 11, 2013. Two Good Samaritans in a Mercedes-Benz came to the aid of Kevin Dorsey after he was robbed by a man wearing all black and a ski mask. The Good Samaritans not only caught up with the suspect, but they took down the bad guy.

The suspect, identified as Christopher Hutchins, was treated at Ben Taub Hospital. He survived. "I don't believe in guns," said Dorsey. "I don't own a gun. I'm totally at the mercy of my saviors. They obviously sent two angels to help me. These people protected me when I couldn't protect myself." There is no need for police to possess weapons. All government employees and especially "public servants" should be disarmed as soon as possible. We have the power to do this because we are their bosses. They are our servants. Our acquiescence and money facilitates our "public servants."

It should be no surprise that governments are far more dangerous than terrorists and even more dangerous than criminals. Look at the well-documented facts about violent deaths in the past 100 years. If we add up all the murder victims from criminals and combine those with all victims from terrorists, the totals are far lower than the numbers of victims from government violence. Every human on earth is in far more danger from their own governments than from all other threats combined.

Most victims were mercilessly tortured and mutilated during interrogation before being slaughtered by their public servants. Many were hog-tied and then had their throats slit. Some were buried alive with just their heads above the ground. Then the sadistic public servant executioners would torment their victims and then literally bash out the victims' brains with clubs as the next victims watched helplessly and waited for their turn.

Even more recently American soldiers brutalized many Iraqi citizens. Iraqi women and children were tortured, raped and murdered by CIA and American soldiers in front of their parents to try to get the parents to tell where the weapons of mass destruction were. Of course the unfortunate Iraqi parents could not possibly tell where the WMDs were since they never existed.
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The Best Weapon For You

To begin, I will start off with the fully automatic weapons available in Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. As far as assault rifles that are available in this game, the fully automatic ones consist of the AK-47, M4-Carbine, G36C, and MP44. All of these weapons fire a continuous spray of bullets if you hold down on the trigger. In addition to the assault rifles, each and every sub machine gun and light machine gun is fully automatic. The sub machine guns include the MP5, Skorpion, Mini-Uzi, AK-74u, and the P90. The light machine guns include the M249 SAW, RPD, and the M60E4.

Each type of fully automatic suites a different type of game play and ability. For example, any of the sub machine guns are perfect if you are a 'run and gun' type player. These weapons are perfect in close quarters combat and are ideal for less experienced players. The main drawback with sub machine guns is that they have very low accuracy, so if you are not very close to your enemy they tend to be useless.

Fully automatic assault rifles on the other hand are a little more accurate than the sub machine guns. Thus, they tend to be a little more effective at medium range shots. These weapons also suite people well who tend to run around looking for opponents rather than just hiding out and waiting. They are also ideal for lower experienced players. Finally, each of the light machine guns don't really seem to have a place for any type of game play.

 They are awkward and heavy, making it painfully slow to get from place to place in this game. However, the light machine guns have an unusually large capacity, enabling whoever uses them to have minimal reloads. This is essential with these weapons, however, because the reloads take a long time with the light machine guns. The light machine guns are effective from medium to long range, so I would not recommend them if you are a 'run and gun' type player. Another drawback of the light machine gun is that the bullet damage is relatively low in comparison to the fully automatic assault rifles and sub machine guns.

As you can tell, the fully automatic weapons in this game should be reserved for the less experienced players. A good cut off would be if you have gone Prestige or not. In my opinion, if you have entered the Prestige mode, you should not embarrass yourself by using a fully automatic weapon as your weapon of choice.

There are exceptions, however, such as, trying to complete all of the weapons challenges or if you run out of ammo in your primary weapon and are forced to pick up the first weapon you come across. Any type of experienced player should stick to a semi-automatic or single shot weapon to showcase their superior talent over the competition.

There are only a handful of semi-automatic weapons available in Call of Duty 4, the most popular being the M16A4. The M16A4 is an assault rifle that fires in three-shot bursts. This is arguably the best weapon in the game according to many online forums. This weapon has extremely high accuracy and very high bullet damage. This weapon is most effective in medium to long range. It tends to be difficult to use effectively is close quarters combat, so I would only recommend this weapon if you are a relatively experienced player. 

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The Top Three Airsoft Sniper Rifles

Made by Barrette Fire arms Manufacturing Inc. in Tennessee, the Barrette M82 is among the most popular .50 caliber sniper rifles used in military and police units. The muzzle brake and barrel are made out of aluminum for light weight purposes, making this sniper rifle the ideal weapon to bring to the playing field.

 To top off the popularity and precision of the Barrette M82, the rifle comes with a flip up front sight and 2400 yards of rear sight. This sniper rifle makes locking in your target and taking them down with precision as easy as your purchase of the Barrette M82.

Aftermath Orphus AEG

At 37.50 inches long and weighing approximately 8.7 pounds, the Aftermath Orphus AEG is a great choice to start off your airsoft collection. This sniper rifle shoots at 380-400 FPS, making it extremely easy to take out your opponent with quickness.

Not only does the Aftermath Orphus AEG come with a fully adjustable rear sight, but with Picatinny Weaver rails to attach scopes and lasers for a clearer view of your target. If you are searching for a sniper rifle that has what it takes to demolish opponents out on the field with ease, the Aftermath Orphus AEG is an excellent choice for you and the game.

Mauser Bolt Action

The Mauser is 43 inches in length and weighs approximately 9.7 pounds. Though this sniper rifle is not the lightest out on the field, it is the most accurate and appropriate for battle. The Mauser is originally modeled after the cold winter rifle style.

This gun is meant to be used with thick winter gloves, giving you the tight grip needed to lock in and take down your opponents. This single shot bolt action sniper rifle is the ideal gun for the individual looking for a weapon to use in all seasons without the hassle of the chamber locking from the dreaded temperature changes.

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10 Tips To Buy Rifle Scopes

There are so many things to consider when it comes to purchasing a rifle scope. But the first question is why would you buy one? A rifle scope is a device that is mounted on the firearm to get a better view of the target. In mechanism these devices are similar to a telescopic sight. However, as compared to the telescopes, the rifle scopes are portable and more rugged in nature. Please remember that just because your friend owns a Nightforce rifle scope does not mean you need to own one too.

Tip #1: As far as buying a rifle scope is concerned, choose the best that you can afford. You cannot simply use a $99 scope for your Barretts. But sadly, there are many who try to compromise on the finance part where scopes are concerned.

Tip #2: Never compare the new units with the old ones. I have heard the most common complaints- these are no more made the way they were used to. But the modern scopes are packed with better technologies and more reliable as well as cheaper.

Tip #3: Do not buy outdated scopes. Times are changing fast and so is the technology. The big brands are constantly engaged in the research and development processes to give way to innovative features and technologies. So opt for the latest model to enjoy better shooting and hunting experiences.

Tip #4: There is a wide range of possibilities when it comes to selecting the best scope for your rifle. Let's look at a few generalizations. The point is that you need to match the scope to the type of shooting and the rifle it is to go on.

Tip #5: The only reason why people avoided variable scopes was because they were more expensive and the quality of optics used were not standard and were affected by fog easily. With time these problems have been eliminated. Nowadays the variable scopes are available in a less or equivalent prices as the fixed ones.

Tip #6: Eye Relief should be taken care of. It is the distance measured from eye to the back of the scope. This is required so that you can view a clear picture of the target which is placed at a considerable distance.

Tip #7: Magnification is the power of the glasses. Rifle scopes are generally recognized by the power or magnification and the diameter of their objective lenses.

Tip #8: The choice for mounts are confusing. Hence, it is imperative that you are careful while choosing the right mounting system.

Tip #9: Parallax is not really a big issue for deer rifles. But it is essential for targets at 25 meters or closer. This is important for long range precision shooting.

Tip #10: A good scope will have impressive light gathering ability and it should also transmit it well. In this regard, the front lens needs to be larger so that more light can reach your eyes. 

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